AI & Machine Learning

ChatGPT, Gemini & Copilot 🇺🇸 non-EU

The assistant that made everyone an AI company.

• Le Chat (Mistral AI) Paris-built frontier models; open-weight options and EU hosting. 🇫🇷
• Aleph Alpha Heidelberg. Refocused in 2024 on sovereign and public-sector AI rather than competing with frontier chat models. 🇩🇪
• LightOn French enterprise generative AI, deployable on premises. 🇫🇷
• Nebius AI Studio Amsterdam-listed GPU cloud, formed from Yandex's non-Russian assets when the group was split and its Russian business divested in 2024. 🇳🇱

GitHub Copilot 🇺🇸 non-EU

Your codebase, autocompleted through Redmond.

• Codestral (Mistral) French code model with a self-hostable open-weight release. 🇫🇷
• JetBrains AI Assistant Prague-registered, built into the JetBrains IDEs. 🇨🇿

Midjourney 🇺🇸 non-EU

Beautiful images, opaque training data.

• Black Forest Labs (FLUX) Freiburg team behind FLUX; open weights for the smaller models. 🇩🇪
• Stability AI London-based, publishes open image models. 🇬🇧
• Photoroom Paris AI image editing built for product and e-commerce photography. 🇫🇷
• Freepik AI Malaga-based generation bundled with a licensed stock library. 🇪🇸

OpenAI API 🇺🇸 non-EU

The API every startup built on before reading the terms.

• Mistral AI OpenAI-compatible API, open-weight models, EU data residency. 🇫🇷
• Aleph Alpha German models for regulated sectors. Since 2024 the focus is sovereign deployments rather than a general-purpose API. 🇩🇪
• Nebius AI Studio Amsterdam-listed, built from Yandex's non-Russian assets after the 2024 split. European infrastructure, and worth knowing the history. 🇳🇱
• OVHcloud AI Endpoints French sovereign cloud serving open models. 🇫🇷