🔒 Security & Privacy

ExpressVPN / PIA 🇻🇬 VG · hors UE

Offshore VPNs owned by a single advertising-adjacent group.

• Mullvad VPN Gothenburg's account-number-only VPN; you can literally pay in cash. 🇸🇪
• OVPN Swedish provider running diskless servers it owns outright. 🇸🇪
• AirVPN Italian activist-run VPN with deep configuration control. 🇮🇹
• Surfshark Amsterdam-headquartered VPN with unlimited devices. 🇳🇱

Norton / McAfee 🇺🇸 US · hors UE

The antivirus that came with the laptop.

• ESET Bratislava-built, consistently top-rated, light on resources. 🇸🇰
• Bitdefender Bucharest security vendor that regularly tops independent tests. 🇷🇴
• G DATA Bochum vendor that wrote one of the first antivirus products, in 1987. 🇩🇪
• WithSecure Helsinki enterprise security, formerly F-Secure Business. 🇫🇮

Okta / Auth0 🇺🇸 US · hors UE

Single sign-on, single foreign dependency.

• Ory Munich open-source identity infrastructure; self-host or EU cloud. 🇩🇪
• Univention Corporate Server Bremen-built identity and domain management for the public sector. 🇩🇪
• IDnow Munich identity verification meeting German regulatory standards. 🇩🇪
• ZITADEL Swiss open-source identity platform (outside the default EU scope). 🇨🇭