Android / iOS
🇺🇸
non-EU
Two American companies, one duopoly, every European pocket.
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/e/OS by Murena
French de-Googled Android, shipped on phones you can just buy. Still built on Google's AOSP underneath.
🇫🇷
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Sailfish OS
Jolla's Finnish mobile OS, with EU sovereignty as an explicit goal.
🇫🇮
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Ubuntu Touch
UBports Foundation's convergent mobile Linux.
🇳🇱
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postmarketOS
German-led project putting real Linux on old phones. Still alpha on most handsets — not yet a daily driver.
🇩🇪
